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Parents—Beware of the Fast Food Approach to Foreign Languages

By now, most people are aware of the terrible effects of fast food on our metabolism and our health. We certainly would not want to subject ourselves (much less our children) to a diet exclusively based on fast food!  

Unfortunately, what many parents don’t realize is that pre-packaged, fast food type of approaches are creeping into education.In the case of world languages, the most rapid expansion of fast food can be observed in what I call the “flashcard approach”—and, boy, is it popular!
 
So what is a flashcard?
 
A flashcard is a tool (think of a nail, for example) designed to support a much larger structure (think of a house). While nails are useful, you certainly would want to have more tools than nails in your toolbox in order to build a house!
 
The typical flashcard has a photo or an illustration and the name of the object, person, location, time, action, etc., in the target language (for example, a picture of a table and the words “una mesa” in Spanish).
 
Flashcards can be put together in strings to create sentences. For example, you could create a string to say that “La manzana está sobre la mesa” (“The apple is on the table”).
 
Like all tools, the impact of flashcards is localized and limited. The truth is that you could spend years memorizing a whole dictionary and thousands upon thousands of sentence strings and still not speak a language. Why is that? Because the house (a language) requires much more than nails, no matter how long and sturdy they are.
 
In my twenty years of experience in language education I have never met anyone that has learned a language exclusively through flashcards. Ah, what a waste of time, money, effort, and capacity!
 
But let’s go back to the fast food analogy. As crazy as it may seem, many language-learning companies have done the quick calculation that flashcards are cheap to produce and easy to sell because they produce an immediate feeling of satiation. Just as with fast food, you feel stuffed, but for the wrong reasons.
 
Another parallel effect is that flashcards, like fast food, produce addiction. The moment a person used to the flashcard approach confronts something even slightly more challenging, the physical response is that of rejection—“This is too difficult” “I can’t do it” “It takes too much effort” “Why should I even try if I have this fantastic (flashcard-based) program available?” Ironically, they seem unaware of the fact that the flashcard approach is not leading them to effective communication because it's missing many important components. One of the most critical? Social interaction.
 
Now, imagine your town full of fast food chains and only two or three restaurants where the chef actually cares about providing carefully prepared and nutritious food. And now imagine that those fast food chains have managed to get a leg in your children’s schools and they are ready to substitute all the healthy food for candy. You would be up in arms, right?
 
Well, that is precisely what is taking place in Spanish, French, Italian, Arabic, and Chinese language classes around the country. Teachers are out; flashcard-based software programs are in.
 
Why am I so upset if I am also a businesswoman that publishes language-learning materials? First because I am a mom and second because I believe that all children should receive a well-rounded quality education that includes languages. We don’t use the computer and flashcards exclusively to teach children math and English, so why do we think this approach is appropriate to teach them languages?
 
Let me be clear: Nothing can replace the profound impact of well-trained teachers or engaged parents in language education. The best language-learning materials are designed to support parents and teachers efforts, not to replace them.
 
In the same way, we teachers—and especially parents—need to open our eyes and understand what sort of “deal” we are getting when we purchase a language-learning packet.
 
Ask yourself, "It looks like a great value, but is this truly good for my kids?"
 
If what you want is to expose your children to a few words, then go ahead and use only flashcards. On the other hand, if you truly want your children to learn a new language, then realize that you won't get there with flashcards only.
 
The good news is that the human brain (and especially that of children) is designed to learn language. You don't need to spoon-feed your kids their first language, and the same is true of any additional language. There are much better ways to stimulate those wonderful language-learning engines so that they reach their full potential.
 

Best,

Ana Lomba


4 comments - Last on 06/25/2010

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I agree with everything Ana says except the idea that parents don't need to "spoon feed" their children language--while it may seem natural to some of us, and therefore, not a deliberate intentional act--language acquisition does require work/ effort in the form of talking with your children extensively.  It is not always easy, again for some, to find topics to discuss daily with one's children (hence the value of reading & discussing stories together)--however, it is essential to have those dialogues or language does not develop. In my view, this is one of the main "jobs" of parenting and while turning to electronic babysitting devices may be easier after a long day or night, we have to recognize that providing that social interaction is valuable work and worth paying for as a society at a school, and doing out of love at home.

Having just come from workshops with teachers who say their average students cannot describe or discuss anything beyond a sentence or two, we know that some children just don't develop their native language skills as thoroughly as others, and not for lack of capacity. My mother's advice to me when I had my son was to simply narrate my actions as we went about our day. I felt foolish "talking" to an infant, but today he is able to chat about multiple topics and is interested and engaged with others even as a four year old. Keep talking to all the children you meet in any language you can. Ask them to tell you about their day and what they love to do.  We will all be better off for it.

 This is a great post!  Flashcards really are like fast food for the brain - and you see how hard it is for people to give up fast food!  Thank you for addressing such an important topic.  I think your explanations will help parents and teachers see how we can all do better to support bilingualism in our children!

I certainly agree with the perspective that flashcards are only one tool to help in the language learning process. Vocabulary is necessary to build up communication, but it is not the only tool. Syntax organizes the ideas in meaningful strings for both the native speaker and the second language speaker. Speakers, according to their language mastering level, are the ones who ultimately use the vocabulary in meaningful ways – semantics-. 

I would like to ask you about programs such as Symtalk® which use both vocabulary flashcards and discourse organization. This program is very popular and produces results as far as I know. Personally we do not use it at our school as a method of teaching, but I incorporate these method principles on my lessons using my own flashcards.  Another method that is not based on card to card but uses pictures to build meaningful discourse is the TPRS. Kids certainly love it especially when silly pictures are presented. Rosetta Stone® also bases the language learning by using digital flashcards that have to be matched with the oral discourse, it also gives the learners the possibility to correct their pronunciation. I think it is a good personal method, but not for everybody, especially children, and I do not bow in front of it because I find it incomplete and artificial.  

Finally, Most of our learners, and I mean this in general, are visual learners.  That is the reason “some companies” that exploit the market, promise that the Flash card method is the “plus ultra” and ultimate method of learning another language. It is also a cheap imitation of those methods above mentioned. I am an eclectic teacher, and I use the tools I consider work for my students. Parents approach me every year with the same question. “What can I use to supplement my child’s L2 learning? …”

Ana (not Ana Lomba)

Parents—Beware of the Fast Food Approach to Foreign Languages

4 comments - Last on 06/25/2010

Add a Comment

I agree with everything Ana says except the idea that parents don't need to "spoon feed" their children language--while it may seem natural to some of us, and therefore, not a deliberate intentional act--language acquisition does require work/ effort in the form of talking with your children extensively.  It is not always easy, again for some, to find topics to discuss daily with one's children (hence the value of reading & discussing stories together)--however, it is essential to have those dialogues or language does not develop. In my view, this is one of the main "jobs" of parenting and while turning to electronic babysitting devices may be easier after a long day or night, we have to recognize that providing that social interaction is valuable work and worth paying for as a society at a school, and doing out of love at home.

Having just come from workshops with teachers who say their average students cannot describe or discuss anything beyond a sentence or two, we know that some children just don't develop their native language skills as thoroughly as others, and not for lack of capacity. My mother's advice to me when I had my son was to simply narrate my actions as we went about our day. I felt foolish "talking" to an infant, but today he is able to chat about multiple topics and is interested and engaged with others even as a four year old. Keep talking to all the children you meet in any language you can. Ask them to tell you about their day and what they love to do.  We will all be better off for it.

 This is a great post!  Flashcards really are like fast food for the brain - and you see how hard it is for people to give up fast food!  Thank you for addressing such an important topic.  I think your explanations will help parents and teachers see how we can all do better to support bilingualism in our children!

I certainly agree with the perspective that flashcards are only one tool to help in the language learning process. Vocabulary is necessary to build up communication, but it is not the only tool. Syntax organizes the ideas in meaningful strings for both the native speaker and the second language speaker. Speakers, according to their language mastering level, are the ones who ultimately use the vocabulary in meaningful ways – semantics-. 

I would like to ask you about programs such as Symtalk® which use both vocabulary flashcards and discourse organization. This program is very popular and produces results as far as I know. Personally we do not use it at our school as a method of teaching, but I incorporate these method principles on my lessons using my own flashcards.  Another method that is not based on card to card but uses pictures to build meaningful discourse is the TPRS. Kids certainly love it especially when silly pictures are presented. Rosetta Stone® also bases the language learning by using digital flashcards that have to be matched with the oral discourse, it also gives the learners the possibility to correct their pronunciation. I think it is a good personal method, but not for everybody, especially children, and I do not bow in front of it because I find it incomplete and artificial.  

Finally, Most of our learners, and I mean this in general, are visual learners.  That is the reason “some companies” that exploit the market, promise that the Flash card method is the “plus ultra” and ultimate method of learning another language. It is also a cheap imitation of those methods above mentioned. I am an eclectic teacher, and I use the tools I consider work for my students. Parents approach me every year with the same question. “What can I use to supplement my child’s L2 learning? …”

Ana (not Ana Lomba)

e spanish learning

2 comments - Last on 10/01/2009

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yeah I guess I should pick up the language with her...I know she'll blow me away though because of her age...I am still looking for a job though so I mind as well pick up a new skill thanks

Your resources are just what I've been looking for.  I have 3 boys - 4 in a few days - that I want to learn Spanish.  I don't know Spanish and we live in a place where there are NO Spanish-speakers.  We have traveled and plan to continue traveling to Mexico and South America, so...

I have been on the hunt.  Thank you for these great resources!

The Power of Storytelling in Language Learning

1 comment - Last on 02/23/2010

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Hi Ana:

I will be teaching your Trois Petit Cochon story to my first-third graders. Do you have suggestion on the best way to use this tool?

Carol

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